Electric motor



G. H. LELAND sLngTnIc uga'on Aug. 14, 1923.

2 Shuts-Shoat 1 Filed March 10 1920 Aug. 14, 1923 1,464,911 a. H. LELAND ELECTRIC MOTOR Filed March 10. 1920 2 saute-sheet 2 Patented Aug. 14, 1923f PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE H. LELAND. F DAYTON, OHIO.

ELECTRIC MOTOR Application filed March 10, 1920.

To (1/1 w llow if lhflj/ com-yr lie it known that l. tinoncii ll. LELAND. a citizen of the l nited .itatch. residing at Dayton. in the county of Montgomery Elli l Suite of Uhio. have inremcd rertain new and useful Improvements in llh-rtric Motors. of which the following; is at spew-iii cation.

This invention whites to new and useful iniproiemt-nts in dynamo electric niurliinvs and has spe ial reference to single-phase ill ternating current motors of thc repulsion starting and induction running typo One ()lJjQA'l of the invention is to provide in a motor nieuns controlled in hc rotution of the urniuturc to illlltllllttIiWlll}; more the liruslics out of contact with the: lfirlllllllitator.

Anothcr ohjcit oi thc invention is to ]"ro ride in :1 motor int-ans controllvd by the rotation of tho iiiinaturtfor short circuiting of the urniutunand for moving the brushes out of contact oilh tluvoimnututor.

()thcr ()llitflb ol' the invention will appear as the dcvicc dcscrilml in detail.

Ruler-ring to the newnnpnnying drawings. Fig. l is an end (deviation of u motor constructed in 'cl t'til lillt t' with n| inu-ntion; Fig. .Zis :1 side lltHllluI! thvi'eof purtiully in section; Fig. Cl is u ilvtuilcd vlmution (\f the brush :utuuling mwluenisni: Fig. l is. a section n tint lint --l---l-- of Fig. 15: Fig. 5 is it view of tho commutator shortcircnitin; dcvi -c: Fly. 6' is it view of the brush holdcis in an (rimmed position: lig. 7 is a section on the line T--'T--- of Fig. i: Fig. 3-5 is u plun vii-w of tilt hrueh supporting; means; Fig. I) is a detail view of h short circuiting f-|l'\l.

in those drnning's l huuillnsti'nicd one. cniliodinu-nt of my inientiou and 1th hi'i'e shown. rcivrring: l'lltllt particularly to ldfitv.

and l are provided with lwurings ."i-- whirh rwt-iw i shalt oi' [liv armature --T which is prlnidt-d with u rmninututor -t5-*. uituhle means fllH- pr-ziviilcd For automatically short win-oiling the armature and hi niczins [)Z'ti 'fltlllfl' couiprises'u de vice mounted at the end of tiw commutator for movement into short ('iltllllliltil contact therewith. In the present instnnre the short Oil-Culling devir'c rotates in it tixcd plane and I have shown the t' niniututor d as pro Serial No. 364,748.

vidcd with alternate extended bars --9-- and intermediate shorter bars -10. The t-xtcnded bars -9 are adapted to be engagcd by projections -ll of a short-circuiting brush or plate -12 mounted on a disc 13 freely journaled on a sleeve -H attalched to the shaft -6-. (See also ldflf-l. it, 4. and 5). The plate -12 may be insulated. if desired. from the shaft. and adjacent parts in any well known manner. The said sleeve -14 is provided with projections -15- engaged by ends 16- of fly-Wei ht levers 17 pivoted at --t;3--. tot edisc-13. The levers -17- are provided with guide slots --18 which rcceivc pins 19-. hen the shaft 6 gains speed. the levers -17 move out wartlly under the action of centrifugal force, which rocks the disc 13 and the plate 12-. thereby moving the projections ----1 linto contact with the elongawd bars -9- and short -circuiting the armature. During this operation, the sleeve -l4 and projections 15 are relatively stationary and the levers 17- partially rotate with the disc 13-. The parts are returned to a normal position, with the proljections '11- lying opposite the shorter liurs -1U-, by springs 20- one end of which is attached to the sleeve -14- and the other end of which is attached to pins -2l-- which are also instrumental in securing the plate -12- to the disc --l3.

,Thc slecre --l4- is provided with a loose unti'fricti'on .SlEQYP, 22- (Fig. 4) for the springs -20. The disc -13, the plate -ll and the anti-friction sleeve 22, arc licld on the slocvc -1-L by a flange --i(i at one (ml and by a tight ring -23 lit the other. The above described short rircniting mechanism. with the exception of tho untifriction sleeve .22 is substantially similar to that shown and described in my lutcnt No, 1.381838 of July 26. 1921, and it will hc understood that it is here shown for the purposes of illustration on] and that other suitable short circuiting evices IXHH' be substituted therefor.

The commutator --8- is provided with brushes which bear radially thereon, and are movable into and out of contact, with the con'imutator, and automatic means are provided for moving the same out of contact. with the commutator when the tumor gains speed. In the construction hero illimtrated the fly-weight levem 17- are pro vided with (rirrumt'erential flanges -525- which are adapted to engage anti-friction pins -i2t3- on the lower end of a belLc-rank lcver'2T. The said lever 2T is plvoted at -JB and said pivot is provided with a springt'riction washer 47. The pivot 28 is at one end of a sliding support -2SJ- mounted in the end cap i-- and secured thereto by a screw 3(l. The end of the lever 2T. oppositc the pins 26, is provided with a pin -31 adapted to engage cam projections 32- of brush holders :3. The brush bold ers -33 support the brushes 24- and are pivoted at 34- (Fig. 7) to a projection 35 extending from the support 29-. The holders 33 are provided with a duplex spring .3t'i adapted to move the brushes 24- into and to hold them in engagement with the connnutator, the brushes being moved in the opposite direction, or away from the commutator. by the pin 3l. It will be seen that. when the fly-levcrs'17- move outwardly, under the action of centrifugal force, the flanges -Q5 will engage one of the pins '2t' which rocks the lever 27- and brush bold ers 33, thereby moving the brushes -24 out ol engagement with the commutator. \Vhen the motor is stopped and the speed th reof decreases, the flanges 25-- will engage the other of the pins -2G which moves the pin -3t out of engagement with the projections -33, thereby )ermitting the spring 36- to place the brushes in engagement with the commutator. As before stated the suport 29 is slidable, and for this purpose the screw 30- passes through a slot -3T in the cap 3-. This construction permits the brushes to be shifted or rocked otl' center, their position on either side determining the direction of rotation of the armature, as is we l known in the art. By thus constructing a ln'ush-elevating mechanism, automatic means are provided for elevating the brushes when tigic motor is operating by induction, thcrciy eliminating brush friction load. brush noise, and the wear on the brushes and frequent renewals thereof.

While I have shown and described one embodiment of my invention l wish it to be understood that I do not desire to be limited to the details thereof as various modifications may occur to a person skilled in the art.

Having described my invention, I claim;

1. In an electric motor, a commutator, brushes bearing radiall thereon, pivotal arms to support said brushes for movement toward and from said commutator, a lever separate from but 0 eratively connected with said arms, weig ts mounted at the end of said commutator for rotation therewith, and movable relatively to said commutator about axes parallel with] the axis of said commutator, and means for operatively connecting said weights with said lever.

2. In an electric motor, a commutator, brushes bearing radially thereon, pivotal arms to support said brushes for movement toward and from said commutator, said arms each having a contact portion, a lever having a part movable relatively to said arms, and arranged to engage 'sald contact por tions thereof to simultaneously actuate said arms. weights mounted at the end of said commutator for rotation therewith and movable relatively to said commutatorabout axes parallel with the axis of said commutator, and means for operativcly connecting said weights with said lever.

it. In an electric motor, a commutator, brushes bearing radially thereon. pivotal arms to support said brushes for movement toward and from said commutator, a lever to actuate said arms, weights mounted at the end of said commutator for rotation therewith and movable about axes parallel with the axis of said commutator. said weights having pivotal flanges, and projections carried by said lever and arranged to embrace said tlanges, whereby the movement of said weights about said axes will actuate said lever.

4. In an electric motor. a commutator, brushes bearing radially thereon, pivotal arms provided with cam projections and supporting said brushes, a lever adapted to engage said cam projections to actuate said arms and elevate said brushes, and oentrifl ugally actuated devices controlling said lever.

In an electric motor, a commutator having a part of its segments elongated, brushes bearing radially on said commutator, a short; circuiting device movable into and out of operative relation with said elongated segments, and a centrifugally actuated device adapted to elevate said brushes and to place said short circuiting device in operative relation with said elongated segmcnes.

6. In an electric motor, a commutator, brushes cooperating with said commutator and movable into and out of contact therewith, a short circuiting device mounted adjacent to the end of said commutator and rotatable into and out of short circuiting contact therewith, and a centrifugally actuated device to control the movements of said brushes and said short circuiting device relatively to said commutator.

7. In an electric motor, a commutator having a partpf its segments elongated, a short circuiting device mounted at the end of said commutator for rotation in a fixed plane about the axis of said commutator to movg the same into and out of c0ntact with said elongated segments, brushes cooperating with said commutator and movable and out of contact therewith, and a centrifugal! connected with said short circuitingdeviee and said brushes.

8. In anflelectric motor, a commutator brushes radially thereon, pivotal arms provided with cam projections and 10 supporting said brushes, ail element adapted to cam said projections to elevate said actuated device operptively brushes, a short circuiting device for said commutator operated by centrifugal weights which move outwa in the plane of 7 air rotation and which re provided with circumferential flanges adapted to operate said element said weights thus controlling hoth the shortcircuitmfi of the commutator and the engagement 0 the brushes thelil'lewith. h *1 m testirhon w ereo a x m si ature.

y GEORGE H. nhni un. 

